Security and Privacy on the Internet - 1544 Words

Many users are subject of Security and Privacy on the Internet issue. The term information now is more used when defining a special product or article of trade which could be bought, sold, exchanged, etc. Often the price of information is higher many times than the cost of the very computers and technologies where it is functioning. Naturally it raises the need of protecting information from unauthorized access, theft, destruction, and other crimes. However, many users do not realize that they risk their security and privacy online. First, I want to describe who the subjects of the issue are. In my opinion, the issue is the most relevant for the private and commercial information. Home users risk their security while connected to†¦show more content†¦Adware and spyware are here to sap the remaining life out of your productivity and privacy, says Microsofts expert Jerry Honeycutt (2004, April 20). Adware is software that tracks your surfing habits, and displays targeted pop-up advertisements on your computer based on Web sites visited or search terms used. Pop-ups are the advertisements that appear in separate browser windows while you are surfing the Web. In some cases, adware can also modify the settings on your computer. Spyware is software that installs itself on computer without users awareness, usually through an unsolicited file download through your Web browser. Spyware monitors and logs system and users activity stores it on users computer. The spyware creator can access and scan stored informat ion for passwords, bank account numbers, and other confidential data. There are special programs which help to remove and protect a computer from spyware and adware. The most famous is Ad-Aware from Lavasoft (www.lavasoft.com). The program scans the hard drive to find adware and spyware and then removes it. The installation of proper software can not guarantee a full privacy and security in itself. It is important to remember, that viruses, Trojan horses, and worms become more complicated as well as adware and spyware technologies. So, toShow MoreRelated Security And Privacy On The Internet Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesof Security and Privacy on the Internet issue. The term information now is more used when defining a special product or article of trade which could be bought, sold, exchanged, etc. Often the price of information is higher many times than the cost of the very computers and technologies where it is functioning. Naturally it raises the need of protecting information from unauthorized access, theft, destruction, and other crimes. However, many users do not realize that they risk their security andRead MoreInternet Security and an Invasion of Privacy1694 Words   |  7 PagesSearches and Seizures The advent of technology marks the beginning of the digital era. It is an era which created a whole new world called the World Wide Web (WWW) whereas the people therein are called â€Å"netizens†. With the proliferation of the internet usage across the world, netizens are able to meet other netizens from the other side of the world, to share their thoughts, pictures, and videos, and to interact through online workplace platforms, games, mails, and many more. It has created wide-rangeRead MoreEssay about Internet Privacy and Security 849 Words   |  4 Pageshas made things a lot less private. This results in us having to be extra careful with security on the internet. Internet security is important to protect our privacy, protect us from fraud, and from viruses that could destroy a piece of our technology. Internet privacy and security may be different but share a responsibility, but it is up to us to take personal responsibility to protect ourselves on the internet. We sho uld pick unique, carful passwords, and never share this sensitive informationRead MorePrivacy Versus Security: Personal Data and Internet Use, Is Your Privacy Being Eroded?2458 Words   |  10 PagesPrivacy versus Security: Personal Data Internet Use There are many Americans who are perplexed by the very topic of Internet Privacy as well as the security of their personal data. While the topics, privacy and security are clearly defined by Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary as two different things, they possess the ability to work together while one does not encroach upon the other. While these are two different topics, there are some that make the mistake of using these terms interchangeablyRead MorePrivacy, The State Of Being Away From Public Attention1614 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout time, privacy and security have been two heavily debated topics. There has always been a struggle to find middle ground between a private environment and a secure environment, but the dawn of technology and the Internet has made this struggle even more difficult. The Internet has drastically decreased the expectation of privacy of any and all individuals that have ever used it. Technology in general can pose a threat to an individ ual’s physical and virtual security. The Internet has also broughtRead MoreEssay on Privacy on the Internet1281 Words   |  6 PagesPrivacy is mentioned in the Bill of Rights, but in which amendment does privacy on the Internet fall. In the website â€Å"The Right of Privacy† it says that â€Å"The U.S. Constitution contains no express right to privacy† (n. pag.). Freedom of religion is given to us in the First Amendment. The Fourth Amendment protects you from searches and seizures unless the officials possess a warrant. The Fifth Amendment gives us the right to interpret the first eight amendments in ways that can protect the people.Read MoreWhy Personal Information Is Risky On The Internet And The Situation Of Information Security1422 Words   |  6 PagesWith the development of internet technology, society has been pushed compulsorily into a ‘big data’ period(Craig and Ludloff,2011).†Big data refers to the massive amounts of data collect ed over time that are difficult to analyze and handle using common database management tools† (http://www.pcmag.com). Not only the development strategy of the government and enterprises, but also threaten citizens’ personal information security. There are significant issues increases rapidly due to this environmentRead MoreNetwork Product Development Company : Security Issue1280 Words   |  6 PagesIoT Integration in Network Product Development Company : Security issue –Critical Literature Review. Introduction: The Internet of Things (IoT) sometimes known as Internet of objects. Internet of Things later will change to Internet of Everything which includes education, communication, business, science, government, and humanity. The internet is one of the most important and powerful creations in human history (Evan, 2011). The high volumes of data generated by IoT and technologies for the similarRead MoreLack Of Privacy On The Internet1404 Words   |  6 Pagesissue today that cuts so wide a swath through conflicts confronting American society like privacy. From AIDS tests to wiretaps, polygraph tests to computerized data bases, the common denominator has been whether the right to privacy outweighs other concerns of society. And with more and more people using the Internet, more and more information being passed over the Internet, more problems arise. The Internet has been an advantage in technology that has greatly increased the capacities of a computerRead MoreEssay On Internet Privacy147 1 Words   |  6 PagesIST 618 Summer 2017 online Policy Essay #2 Privacy In today’s world, Privacy and Security comes hand in hand with internet. Technology allows us free speech and freedom of information over the internet, by imposing strict laws and policies regulating the privacy and security of our information. According to Richard Clarke, free expression over the internet and its privacy are two sides of the same coin (Privacy and security(n.d.)). Writing blogs, uploading posts, comments

Walt Disney Product Line - 1074 Words

| Walt Disney Product Lines | | Marketing MKT230 A02 | | Walt Disney Product Lines | | Marketing MKT230 A02 | wALT DISNEY CORPORATION June 5, 2012 Authored by: STACEY LITSEY wALT DISNEY CORPORATION June 5, 2012 Authored by: STACEY LITSEY Abstract This paper will take a look at the product lines that the Walt Disney Corporation has to offer both on a national and world wide market. I will give a brief history of the company and explain the different product lines that are available through each of Disney’s outlets. Since its founding in 1923, The Walt Disney Company and its affiliated companies have remained faithful to their commitment to produce unparalled entertainment experience based on†¦show more content†¦If you want to have a tropical fairy tale wedding can purchase a Wedding and Vow Renewal package which is available on most sailings. All Disney Cruise Line ceremonies include: * On-site ceremony coordinator to coordinate your ceremony day events * Choice of personal fresh floral for the couple (You may also opt to include floral for your bridal party, available at an additional cost) * Solo musician (pianist) for the Ceremony and Cake amp; Champagne Celebration * Officiate to perform the ceremony * Cake amp; Champagne Celebration onboard the ship which includes an elegant 2-tier wedding cake, keepsake Mickey amp; Minnie figurine, one bottle of champagne and one bottle of sparkling cider (non-alcoholic) for the toast, served by host or hostess * Dinner for the couple at Pa lo on night of ceremony * Disney Cruise Line Commemorative Ceremony Certificate * Steaming for the couple s ceremony attire * The special couple will also receive a $100.00 onboard stateroom credit that may be used towards merchandise, spa treatments, port adventures, and other onboard activities . (Any unused portions are non-refundable and non-transferable.) * Photography packages with Event Photographer, available for an additional cost.(disneycruise.disney.go.com) Other packages include ways to enhance your different destinations stays. Enhance your Alaska Cruise with special port experiences from Adventures byShow MoreRelatedWalt Disney Value Chain Analysis Essay1360 Words   |  6 Pagesa value chain analysis for Walt Disney Company, I will be able to accurately show the â€Å"parts of its operations that create value, and those that don’t† (Hitt, Ireland, and Hoskisson, 87). The value chain is segmented into two categories: support functions and value chain act ivities. Support functions include finance, human resources, and management information systems which â€Å"support the work being done to produce, sell, distribute, and service the products [Walt Disney] is creating† (Hitt, IrelandRead MoreControversies with the Walt Dinsey Company1471 Words   |  6 Pageslikely automatically thinks of one word- Disney. Once they think of that there is an array of movies to choose from. The Walt Disney Company has been making its place in this world for almost one hundred years. Over the decades Disney has become a household name whether it be through their blockbuster movies, television channel, books, products, resorts, cruise line or their world famous theme parks. The Walt Disney Company has spread its ideas and products of imagination throughout the globe. HoweverRead MorePorters Five Forces Model1257 Words   |  5 Pagesof new entrants Since the Walt Disney Company has been able to find a very unusual niche within the industry, the barriers to entry are relatively high. The company is to grow in the position over a long term period , and must be from the departments of research and development ( R D) , marketing and finance to develop . Dependence on past experience , the company representatives know , to a large extent what the target customer wants. Threat of substitutes The products or services are moderateRead MoreOrganizational Excellence And Change Of Walt Disney1526 Words   |  7 PagesCLIENT ORGANIZATION 1 Introduction Walt Disney was created by a man named Walter Elias Disney in Chicago, Illinois; he was an animator and motion picture producer. In 1923 they located to Los Angeles, California and he partner with his brother Roy in the Disney Bros Studio. ?Recently they have been called the paradigm of America and intolerance of a debaser of culture and have carried animation through the central figure in the history of animation. Walt Disney Company is a creative organizationalRead MoreMarketing Brandin Paper : Disney Company1483 Words   |  6 PagesBrandin paper Introduction Disney is one of the most famous names in the animation industry, known for providing entertainment directed to adults and children alike; with international theme parks and a world-class animation studio and business franchise, the company nearly dominates the industry. Famous names such as Mickey Mouse began with Disney, and were the foundation of a company that has now branched out into several entertainment studios, theme parks, products, and other media productionsRead MoreWalt Disney Company Is Worth Investing1348 Words   |  6 PagesAs one of the largest multimedia companies in the world, The Walt Disney Company includes all aspects of American entertainment, including animation, music, production, and theme parks. Founded in 1923 by brothers Walt and Roy O. Disney, the business has grown from silent animations films to diversify into all aspects of the entertainment industry, primarily focusing on all interests of the typical American family. The company, since its founding , has proved to be a worthy investment on all standingsRead MoreWalt Disney s Corporate Strategy1610 Words   |  7 Pages1.Walt Disney’s corporate strategy is called as Broad Differentiation. The strategy based on three principles which are following; - creating high-quality family content by incorporating a diverse range of businesses to its structure - to be a brand for every member of the family, not only children – such as Disney theme parks and resorts, its media network includes ESPN and ABC, Disney Cruise Line, studio productions, consumer products and interactive media channels. - make entertainment experiencesRead MoreWalt Disney Strategy Case Essay718 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿QUESTIONS FOR DISNEY CASE 1. What is Walt Disney Company’s corporate generic strategy? Explain the reason for your answer. Broad Differentiation because its products are in media networks, parks and resorts, studio entertainment, consumer products, and interactive media. Thus, it attracts a wide base of consumers through differentiating its products by superior dedication to creating high quality content, technological innovations in entertainment and international expansion. 2. What isRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Disney s Disney 927 Words   |  4 Pages SWOT Analysis Strengths: Disney is one of the most prestigious and well-known companies in the world. Disney is also known to be the third largest media corporation internationally as of June 2015, according to Nordic Information Centre for Media and Communication Research (Appendix 1). Disney is known to have strengths with content integration, cash surplus, characters and character trademarks, values with the use of synergy, having a very strong brand image and reputation, diversification ofRead MoreDisney : Disney s Strongest Presence1007 Words   |  5 PagesDisney Offices/Locations Disney’s strongest presence is in the United States. However, with operations in more than 40 countries, approximately 166,000 employees and cast members around the world, Disney sets the standard for the future of entertainment. 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Reflective Essay for Non Pharmacological - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about theReflective Essay for Non Pharmacological Treatments. Answer: In my career I have come across many critical cases and have dealt with it efficiently. I have also served those people who were terminally ill and have tried my best to improve the quality of care in their last days. This essay is based on my experience with a lady, whom I have served during her last days. It is about Anne. Anne was a 37 years old vibrant lady and was leading her life happily, until she found that she was suffering from breast cancer. It illness was in the advanced stage and she came to know that she had only 6 months in hand. She had a child who was only 7 months old and was still breast feeding her. She had to undergo chemotherapies and radiations; as a result she had to stop breast feeding. Her whole life was shattered. I was her only care giver during her last days. I dedicated my full time to provide an undivided attention to Anne and after her scheduled time she had to go to a world of eternal piece. When a person suffers from an emotional turmoil when she him self understands her last days had come (Corr and Corr. 2012). It becomes very difficult for the patient as well as the patients family to come up with such a difficult situation. Cancer is a deadly disease which involves a lot of pain, anxiety, psychosocial problems. In this essay I have focused on the different phases that the person and his loved ones go during this stage. I will discuss how the changing patterns of the death affect the community of the individual. I discuss the modes of treatment that I have provided her to improve the quality of his life. I will critically mention about my role in their care, the probable interventions to deal with this condition. I have also thrown light on the effective communication strategies that has to be adopted in order to provide support to the patient, physically, mentally and spiritually (Phelps et al. 2012). In the latter part of the essay I have noted about the pharmacological and the non pharmacological treatments that I have prov ided to the patient in the case study. I have come across the changing patterns of the mortality world wide and have paid particular attention to the differences, which exists between the developed countries. In the last year of their life people often do not get help, many experience disconnected, distressing and confusing array of services. A good death provides people dignity, choice and support to the address the physical, personal and the spiritual needs. Most of the people want to spend their last hours in a home like settings (Zimmerman eta l. 2014). We need more public reforms about the limitations of the health care as the death comes nearer. We need to plan in a better way to ensure that we have proceeded according to the patient. For more people to die at home a community based support is required. There are some people who choose to stay within a healthcare setting during their death. It is our duty to try the best to fulfill their requirements and their desires. In the given case study Anne could spend her la st days at home looking after her 7 months old daughter. Had she been in the hospital, she wouldnt have got the mental and the spiritual support that she deserved during her last days. Women with breast cancer, faces a wide range of practical, medical and emotional challenges that affects their quality of life. They are faced with emotional distress, social functioning. Firstly the treatment of the metastatic breast cancer involves a lot of social concern. Firstly the physical burden followed by emotional distress, disturbances in the shape of the body (Teno et al. 20130. In this case we have already come across the facts that Anne had a small daughter. Therefore as a mother it is very difficult on her part to accept the fact that she had to leave her daughter forever very soon. The social constraints raised on disclosure of the cancer can also enhance the distress of the patient. As a person nears the end of his journey it is very difficult to know what to expect. Responsibilities of the caregivers may vary depending on where the person is getting the care. Regardless of every situation I have tried my best to provide the best possible care to the patient. I have ensured in every possible ways that the person dying is comfortable. In this case Anne who is a mother of a small child, was suffering from extreme mental trauma with the thought of leaving her daughter forever. It is the duty of the family members to assure him and provide mental support. In this case we assured Annie that her daughter will be alright even after her death. Few approaches that can be taken up are- Provision of the eggshell mattresses for making the beds comfortable, positioning of the person in the position in which he is convenient with, to make the breathing easier or to ease the pain. Speaking in a calm and polite voice and reminding the person of her good days (Hui et al. 2014). If the person is unresponsive we must say supportive or reassuring sentences, offering of small sips of fluid to maintain the hydration. Glycerin swabs or lip balms can be provided (Peters et al.2013). Massaging a persons body such that provides her with comfort and also increases the blood circulation. We would try to relive the pain by giving painkillers. This may require careful planning with the palliative team members (Heyland et al.2013). A person with cancer and the caregivers should be well aware of where to contact for help if adverse condition persists. I would like to discuss further on few points like Living will, health care attorney. A health care power attorny is a person, whom the p atients select to make health care decisions, if the person is unable to do. Living will is a document that accounts for the type of medical treatment that the terminally ill (Lewis. 2013). Therefore as a caregiver it is our duty to follow the advance directive in order to help the person die with peace and dignity. Organizing the practical matters in advance, lower the stress of care giving for the nurses. A list of people should be prepared that the person wants to meet at the time of care giving (Phelps et al. 2012). The persons who should be present at the time of death should be considered, for example few people prefer the presence of the spiritual leaders at the time of death (Maltoni et al. 2012). Although dying is part of the human journey but dying poorly is not. A meaningful dying is one when the patient is physically, psychologically, emotionally and is spiritually supported by her family and the caregivers (Balboni et al. 2013). According the Institute of Medicine a good death is one where the patient is free from all distress, and this condition can be achieved by following the above mentioned interventions. A good death evokes a feeling of relief in the family of the patient. A good death also poses a sense of relief and satisfaction in the minds of the care givers, that they have given their part of care to the patient, to make him feel better. As a nurse I have always followed this rules and ethics which have helped me to develop my skills as a nurse to deal with such sensitive situations. I do strongly believe that effective communication is one of the essential parts of the end of life care treatment that are provided to the patient. As the healthcare worker in the palliative care department, I need to have the skill of effective interpersonal communication that can help in the process of dealing with the complications encountered by the patient and their family. It is important for the nurses of palliative care to have the skills of both verbal and non-verbal form of communication that is an essential part of the treatment. In the case of Anne, she and her family were mentally devastated due to her terminally ill condition. With the help of the effective communication skills, it was possible for me to provide the mental support that is needed in the given case. With the help of the mental counseling that is achieved with the help of effective interpersonal communication, it is possible to provide full empathy to the patient. It is also important for the nurses to provide the correct information about the physical status of the patient. It is believed that the nurse and the healthcare workers need to use special communication strategy in order to deal with the complications that are associated with the patient care (van Eechoud et al. 2014). The effective communication is also an essential part that is needed to deal with the spiritual support to the patients during the time of terminally ill condition. In my case, I used to follow a certain strategy of communication that was filled with positive thoughts. This helped the patient to have full faith upon my strategy and she was able to share all her personal concerns. It is essential for the patient with terminal illness to have both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions that is needed to support their physical and mentally ill condition (Yamagishi et al.). With the development of the critical care and modern medicine, it is possible for the patient to provide with the best quality of treatment that is needed to deal with the major relevant complications. It is important to mention in the context that chemotherapy, which is the major form of treatment for cancer is generally associated with the high level of side-effects. This may include tremendous pain and feeling of nausea. Under those circumstances, it is common of the patient to suffer from the mental misbalance and may not wish to continue of the process of treatment. It is my duty as the nurse to convince the patient and encourage them to overcome the complications of the side-effects that are associated with the intensive treatment like the chemotherapy for cancer. I do strongly believe that in such a critical care condition, it is important for the nurses to provide the mental support care that is a significant part of the non-pharmacologic treatment provided to the patients. It has been seen in several occasions that with the help of psychological therapy like the placebo effect, it is possible to provide to provide the mental comfort to the patient. I have used this technique to maximum extent in case of Anne, which did help her to gain the temporary mental support that is needed in the given context. I have to receive the training for cognitive therapy that is needed to deal provide the mental and spiritual support to the patient in the forms of non-pharmacologic treatment methods for the terminally ill patients. I have faced ethical issues in the past while dealing with the patient of critical and terminal care. With the evolution of the medicine, it is possible to expand the lifespan of the individual. It is important for the medical practitioner to take effective decisions in regard to the type of treatment that is to be provided to the patient that can help them to survive for longer duration (Corbett 2015). It is important to mention in the context that even with the modern and developed treatment methods, it is never possible to fully cure the condition of the terminally ill patients. Nevertheless, it is important for the medical practitioner to ensure that best quality of treatment is being provided to the patients that can help them to survive for longer duration. It is my duty as the nurse of to ensure that the patient family can accept the facts relevant to deterioration of the medical condition of the terminally ill patients (Hui et al. 2014). In case of Anne, there was high level of expectation of the patient family as due to her young age. From the experience that I have gained with the case like Anne, helped in the development of my nursing career. With the help of the nursing experience, I firmly believe that the treatment culture that is provided within the healthcare system of terminally ill patient is an essential component that helps to provide the best quality of treatment. Dying is the ultimate part of our journey through life. A meaningful death is one when the patient is physically, emotionally, spiritually and mentally supported by his families and the care givers. This report critically discusses about the possible interventions to improve the quality of dying and let the patient die in peace and dignity. As a caregiver we should provide moral support to the terminally ill patient. The report also says that in some cases it is a community based effort to provide a proper care to the critical patients. We have discussed about the different communications strategies that would provide a positive outcome in the patients life as well as well as his loved one. A proper care on my part had also built a satisfaction in me. References Balboni, T.A., Balboni, M., Enzinger, A.C., Gallivan, K., Paulk, M.E., Wright, A., Steinhauser, K., VanderWeele, T.J. and Prigerson, H.G., 2013. Provision of spiritual support to patients with advanced cancer by religious communities and associations with medical care at the end of life.JAMA internal medicine,173(12), pp.1109-1117. Corbett, N., 2015. Being Mortal-Atul Gawande. Dalhousie Medical Journal, 42(1). Corr, C. and Corr, D., 2012.Death dying, life living. Nelson Education. Heyland, D.K., Barwich, D., Pichora, D., Dodek, P., Lamontagne, F., You, J.J., Tayler, C., Porterfield, P., Sinuff, T., Simon, J. and ACCEPT (Advance Care Planning Evaluation in Elderly Patients) Study Team, 2013. Failure to engage hospitalized elderly patients and their families in advance care planning.JAMA internal medicine,173(9), pp.778-787. Hui, D., Kim, S.H., Roquemore, J., Dev, R., Chisholm, G. and Bruera, E., 2014. Impact of timing and setting of palliative care referral on quality of end?of?life care in cancer patients.Cancer,120(11), pp.1743-1749. Hui, D., Nooruddin, Z., Didwaniya, N., Dev, R., De La Cruz, M., Kim, S.H., Kwon, J.H., Hutchins, R., Liem, C. and Bruera, E., 2014. Concepts and definitions for actively dying,end of life,terminally ill,terminal care, and transition of care: a systematic review. Journal of pain and symptom management 47(1), pp.77-89. Lewis, K., 2013. How nurses can help ease patient transitions to end of life care: Many issues combine to enable an individual to achieve a good death. Kellie Lewis discusses these factors as well as the barriers staff must overcome.Nursing older people,25(8), pp.22-26. Maltoni, M., Scarpi, E., Rosati, M., Derni, S., Fabbri, L., Martini, F., Amadori, D. and Nanni, O., 2012. Palliative sedation in end-of-life care and survival: a systematic review.Journal of Clinical Oncology,30(12), pp.1378-1383. Peters, L., Cant, R., Payne, S., OConnor, M., McDermott, F., Hood, K., Morphet, J. and Shimoinaba, K., 2013. How death anxiety impacts nurses caring for patients at the end of life: a review of literature.The open nursing journal,7, p.14. Phelps, A.C., Lauderdale, K.E., Alcorn, S., Dillinger, J., Balboni, M.T., Van Wert, M., VanderWeele, T.J. and Balboni, T.A., 2012. Addressing spirituality within the care of patients at the end of life: perspectives of patients with advanced cancer, oncologists, and oncology nurses.Journal of Clinical Oncology,30(20), pp.2538-2544. Raijmakers, N., Galushko, M., Domeisen, F., Beccaro, M., Lundh Hagelin, C., Lindqvist, O., Popa-Velea, O., Romotzky, V., Schuler, S., Ellershaw, J. and Ostgathe, on behalf of OPCARE9, C., 2012. Quality indicators for care of cancer patients in their last days of life: literature update and experts' evaluation.Journal of palliative medicine,15(3), pp.308-316. Teno, J.M., Gozalo, P.L., Bynum, J.P., Leland, N.E., Miller, S.C., Morden, N.E., Scupp, T., Goodman, D.C. and Mor, V., 2013. Change in end-of-life care for Medicare beneficiaries: site of death, place of care, and health care transitions in 2000, 2005, and 2009.Jama,309(5), pp.470-477. van Eechoud, I.J., Piers, R.D., Van Camp, S., Grypdonck, M., Van Den Noortgate, N.J., Deveugele, M., Verbeke, N.C. and Verhaeghe, S., 2014. Perspectives of family members on planning end-of-life care for terminally ill and frail older people. Journal of pain and symptom management, 47(5), pp.876-886. Yamagishi, A., Morita, T., Kawagoe, S., Shimizu, M., Ozawa, T., An, E., Kobayakawa, M., Tsuneto, S., Shima, Y. and Miyashita, M., 2015. Length of home hospice care, family-perceived timing of referrals, perceived quality of care, and quality of death and dying in terminally ill cancer patients who died at home. Supportive Care in Cancer, 23(2), pp.491-499. Zimmermann, C., Swami, N., Krzyzanowska, M., Hannon, B., Leighl, N., Oza, A., Moore, M., Rydall, A., Rodin, G., Tannock, I. and Donner, A., 2014. Early palliative care for patients with advanced cancer: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.The Lancet,383(9930), pp.1721-1730.

The Poetry Of A E Housman Essay Example For Students

The Poetry Of A E Housman Essay Housman was born in Burton-On-Trent, England, in 1865, just as the US Civil War was ending. As a young child, he was disturbed by the news of slaughter from the former British colonies, and was affected deeply. This turned him into a brooding, introverted teenager and a misanthropic, pessimistic adult. This outlook on life shows clearly in his poetry. Housman believed that people were generally evil, and that life conspired against mankind. This is evident not only in his poetry, but also in his short stories. For example, his story,  «The Child of Lancashire, » ublished in 1893 in The London Gazette, is about an child who travels to London, where his parents die, and he becomes a street urchin. There are veiled implications that the child is a homosexual (as was Housman, most probably), and he becomes mixed up with a gang of similar youths, attacking affluent pedestrians and stealing their watches and gold coins. Eventually he leaves the gang and becomes wealthy, but is attacked by the same gang (who don’t recognize him) and is thrown off London Bridge into the Thames, which is unfortunately frozen over, and is killed on the ard ice below. We will write a custom essay on The Poetry Of A E Housman specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Housman’s poetry is similarly pessimistic. In fully half the poems the speaker is dead. In others, he is about to die or wants to die, or his girlfriend is dead. Death is a really important stage of life to Housman; without death, Housman would probably not have been able to be a poet. (Housman, himself, died in 1937. ) A few of his poems show an uncharacteristic optimism and love of beauty, however. For example, in his poem  «Trees, » he begins Loveliest of trees, the cherry now Hung low with bloom along the bow Stands about the woodland side A virgin in white for Eastertide and ends Poems are made by fools like me But only God can make a tree. (This is a popular quotation, yet most people don’t know its source! ) Religion is another theme of Housman’s. Housman seems to have had trouble reconciling conventional Christianity with his homosexuality and his deep clinical depression. In  «Apologia pro Poemate Meo » he states In heaven-high musings and many Far off in the wayward night sky, I would think that the love I bear you Would make you unable to die Would God in his church in heaven Forgive us our sins of the day, That boy and man together Might join in the night and the way. I think that the sense of hopelessness and homosexual longing is unmistakable. However, these themes went entirely over the heads of the people of Housman’s day, in the early 1900s. The best known collection of Housman’s poetry is A Shropshire Lad, published in 1925, followed shortly by More Poems, 1927, and Even More Poems, 1928. Unsurprisingly, most collections have the same sense and style. They could easily be one collection, in terms of stylistic content. All show a sense of the fragility of life, the perversity of existence, and a thinly veiled homosexual longing, in spite of the fact that many of the poems apparently (but subliminally? ) speak of young women. It is clear from these works that women were only a metaphor for love, which in Housman’s case usually did not include the female half of society. More Poems contains perhaps the best statement of Housman’s philosophy of life, a long, untitled poem (no. LXIX) with oblique references to the town of his birth, Burton-on-Trent, and statements like And while the sun and moon endure Luck’s a chance, but trouble’s sure†¦ Indeed, how much more pessimistic can one be? Not only a poet and storyteller, Housman was a noted classical scholar. He is known for his extensive translations of the Greek classics, especially Greek plays by Euripides and Sophocles. Unfortunately, the bulk of his manuscripts were lost in a disastrous fire in his office at Oxford, which was caused by a lit cigar falling into a stack of papers. .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb , .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .postImageUrl , .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb , .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb:hover , .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb:visited , .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb:active { border:0!important; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb:active , .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6610d99df43e58b4aa2593d0e12f01eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Is Eric Presented In An Inspector Calls EssayThere were rumors that Housman was hidden in a closet with a young boy at he time, and therefore did not see the fire in his own office until it was too late to extinguish it. The Trustees of the college, however, managed to squelch the rumors, and Housman’s academic tenure was not threatened by the incident. Now only a few gems of his poetic translation remain. One of the finest is from Sophocles’ Alcestis, which begins Of strong things I find not any That is as the strength of Fate†¦ Indeed, a comment on Housman’s sense of fatalism. Housman is considered a minor poet, primarily because of his use of rhyme nd meter, and frequent and effective use of imagery and symbolism. (It is generally accepted that major twentieth-century poetry must inevitably go beyond the strictures of late-nineteenth century styles, so any poet using such styles can only be classed as minor. ) Nonetheless, I like him. I can forgive his sexual orientation, especially since my own father and brother share it (and sometimes I wonder about myself! ) His wonderful poetry and other writings stand apart, by themselves, in their unique and special splendor.

The Ripken Way Essays - Cal Ripken Jr., Cal Ripken Sr., Billy Ripken

The Ripken Way Essays - Cal Ripken Jr., Cal Ripken Sr., Billy Ripken The Ripken Way The first book I read this summer was a non-fiction piece written by Cal Ripken Sr., called the Ripken Way. There are many ways in which mr. Ripken posseses qualitites that are very human: he was a normal person, just like anybody else, not just an extraordinary baseball player and manager; he was married to a wife and had four children. He was a hard worker, and through out the book he has an emphasis on working hard in life in order to be successful, and lastly, he was a very unique person, in many ways. First, when most people think of Cal Ripken, they think of one of the all time great baseball players, and he was that. But, he was also just an ordinary person, with a normal life. Like most other people, he was married to a wife, and also had four children. He was just not a ball player, he was a dedicated husband and father that did the best he could to raise his kids and teach them the correct way to do things, and teach them the lessons in life. He was a busy man, because of his baseball carear, he had lots of time taken away from his family as both a baseball player and as a manager. He took advantage of any time he got to spend time with his children. An example of this was when he was managing, and ran baseball clinics. He decided to take the difficult task of not only attending these baseball clinics, but also taking his children so he could be with them. As busy as he was, he took time out of his extremely busy life to get quality time with his family, this took much sacrif ice, but it's a human traight, like any other man, not matter what he may be doing. Secondly, in the book, Cal explains how he brought up his children and enstilled the correct values inisde them in order to be successful (as well as instructing baseball players on how to improve their game while simaltaniously teaching life lessons that apply both on and off the baseball field). An example is his son, Cal Ripken jr., whom was brought up around the sport of baseball, and that was a huge advantage, but, he wasn't always the biggest athlete on the team. As a matter of fact, when he was a young high school student, he had a poor batting average, a weak arm, lacked in some basic skills, and wasn't too tall either. But, as he was raised by his father, he learned propper and neccessary life values in order to suceed in whatever he does. If his father taught him one thing, it would be to work hard and work at whatever your weak at over and over again (correctly; the right way). Cal had worked hard, the skills he lacked, he drilled correctly and repeatidly until he had got the skills he needed. He worked out more, and bulked up, and, if he had any questions, he asked them and got all of his problems straightened out if anything had confused him. Eventually when he was a senior, he had the best batting average on the team, was one of the biggest players, and had developed all the skills he had needed from all of the hard work. Lastly, Cal was a unique person, in many ways. He was a loving father and husband, and also a tough person, who makes mistakes sometimes, like everybody else. He has done things that many other men would never do. Some things he has done weren't the smartest things to do, but he felt was the right thing to do. One example that can describe this is how he reacts to getting hit by a baseball. Everybody knows (whether you're a player or not) that when you're batting, and a high speed fast ball is pitched at you, and hits you, it hurts. Cal, however, has a different view; even though he has been hit and has admitted it's painful, he was just stick to his opinion, that the ball only weighs five-and-a-quater onces, how much can it hurt? Another display of

What You Should Know About Nigeria

What You Should Know About Nigeria Population: 152,217,341 (July 2010 estimate)Capital: AbujaBordering Countries: Benin, Cameroon, Chad, NigerLand Area: 356,667 square miles (923,768 sq km)Coastline: 530 miles (853 km)Highest Point: Chappal Waddi at 7,936 feet (2,419 m)Nigeria is a country located in West Africa along the Atlantic Oceans Gulf of Guinea. Its land borders are with Benin to the west, Cameroon, and Chad to the east and Niger to the north. Nigerias main ethnic groups are Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. It is the most populous country in Africa and its economy is considered one of the fastest growing in the world. Nigeria is known for being the regional center of West Africa. History of Nigeria Nigeria has a long history that dates back as far as 9000 B.C.E. as shown in archaeological records. The earliest cities in Nigeria were the northern cities of Kano and Katsina that started around 1000 C.E. Around 1400, the Yoruba kingdom of Oyo was founded in the southwest and reach its height from the 17th to the 19th century. Around this same time, European traders began establishing ports for the slave trade to the Americas. In the 19th century, this changed to the trading of goods like palm oil and timber. In 1885, the British claimed a sphere of influence over Nigeria and in 1886, the Royal Niger Company was established. In 1900, the area became controlled by the British government and in 1914 it became the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria. Throughout the mid-1900s and especially after World War II, the people of Nigeria began pushing for independence. In October 1960, it came when it was established as a federation of three regions with a parliamentary government. In 1963 however, Nigeria proclaimed itself a federal republic and drafted a new constitution. Throughout the 1960s, Nigerias government was unstable as it underwent several governmental overthrows; its prime minister was assassinated and was engaged in a civil war. Following the civil war, Nigeria focused on economic development and in 1977, after several more years of government instability, the country drafted a new constitution. Political corruption remained throughout the late 1970s and into the 1980s though and 1983, the Second Republic government as it came to be known was overthrown. In 1989, the Third Republic began and in the early 1990s, government corruption remained and there were several attempts to again overthrown the government. Finally, in 1995, Nigeria began to transition into a civilian rule. In 1999 a new constitution and in May of that same year, Nigeria became a democratic nation after years of political instability and military rule. Olusegun Obasanjo was the first president during this time and he worked to improve Nigerias infrastructure, the governments relationship with its people and its economy. In 2007, Obasanjo stepped down as president. Umaru YarAdua then became the president of Nigeria and he vowed to reform the countrys elections, fight its crime problems and continue working on economic growth. On May 5, 2010, YarAdua died and Goodluck Jonathan became the president of Nigeria on May 6. Government of Nigeria Nigerias government is considered a federal republic and it has a legal system based on English common law, Islamic law (in its northern states) and traditional laws. Nigerias executive branch is made up of a chief of state and a head of government- both of which are filled by the president. It also has a bicameral National Assembly consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Nigerias judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and the Federal Court of Appeal. Nigeria is divided into 36 states and one territory for local administration. Economics and Land Use in Nigeria Although Nigeria has long had problems of political corruption and a lack of infrastructure it is rich in natural resources like oil and recently its economy has begun to grow into one of the fastest in the world. However, oil alone provides 95% of its foreign exchange earnings. Nigerias other industries include coal, tin, columbite, rubber products, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, and steel. Nigerias agricultural products are cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams, rubber, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, timber, and fish. Geography and Climate of Nigeria Nigeria is a large country that has a varied topography. It is about twice the size of the U.S. state of California and is located between Benin and Cameroon. In the south, it has lowlands that climb into hills and plateaus in the central part of the country. In the southeast, there are mountains while the north consists mainly of plains. Nigerias climate also varies but the center and the south are tropical due to their locations near the equator, while the north is arid. More Facts about Nigeria Life expectancy in Nigeria is 47 years of ageEnglish is Nigerias official language but Hausa, Igbo Yoruba, Fulani, and Kanuri are others that are spoken in the countryLagos, Kano, and Ibadan are the largest cities in Nigeria References Central Intelligence Agency. (1 June 2010). CIA - The World Factbook - Nigeria. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.html Infoplease.com. (n.d.). Nigeria: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107847.htmlUnited States Department of State. (12 May 2010). Nigeria. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2836.htmWikipedia.com. (30 June 2010). Nigeria - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Proposal - Essay Example Return venture projects or business organizations like most in Saudi Arabia as well faces a variety of risk and risk related phenomena like credit risks, Economic risks, financial risks, for big venture who deal in trades abroad also face exchange rates risks (Chong, 2004:246). Just by the mere fact that risks exist and are faced by every individual unit in the society in itself posses a threat to the existence of man. This is because man is always uncertain about the likelihood of success out of an involvement before actually it occurs successfully. According to, (Adams, 1995), a risk is the likelihood of a loss incase a hazard takes place. Such fears is what propels us to look at risk in the general perspective, its nature, kinds of risks, how to handle them or even ways in which we can try to do away with such risks so that man lives in if not completely risk free because this is not possible then at least at reduced levels of risk. In this study we are headed towards studying of risks as per the risks faced by business organizations in general, also its going to involve the study of the vast impacts of such risks and how to try minimizing the risks for the benefits of the businesses operations in terms of returns and reduced costs of operating such businesses. Risk management in this case is to be looked at through identification of the risks, looking for ways of assessing the risks in order to determine their intensity and then decision making on which ones the organization can do with and which are to must avoid so that the organization is able to maximize its chances or opportunities of maximizing business (Adams, 1995) 2.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY Generally out of the study on risk management the researcher intends to find out on several aspects about risk and risk management. The study is geared towards finding out on:- a. What a risk is. b. What forms or type of risks that faces business organizations in general? c. What effects or impacts do these risk s have on the organizations and to what intensity do they impact on the businesses? d. How can the risks be mitigated or reduced in real practice? The study of all the above aspects of risk entails the assessment and categorization and risk components hence risk management as an area under investigation (Adams, 1995) 3.0 RESEARCH PROBLEM STATEMENT As stated clearly under the background of the study and clarified further under the research objectives it is very safe now to state that the major problem under investigation is to find out more about the policy on risk, the policies and tools of risk management. Therefore, the driving factor is risk and its uncertainty in business management. The researcher is obliged to find out through this research the difficulties as a result of risk and how such challenges can be done away with under the broad topic of risk management (Mugenda, 2005:89). 4.0 LITERATURE REVIEW This section of the proposal on risk management is to look in the various articles that address the evolution of risk through since man started thinking about the existence of risk to date. It is also going to help us to identify fertile grounds for further active research on risk and risk management. 4.1 Definition of risks According to (Abkowitz, 2008), †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Risk is the likelihood of a loss occurring through the occurrence of an hazard that can be analyzed and measured into quantities’’.....he goes ahead to explain that its because of risks that men

Corporate social responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Corporate social responsibility - Essay Example These acts are not requirements either by law or by any other stipulated framework but are still carried out by business corporations under their CSR platforms (McWilliams, Siegel, & Wright, 2006). The business need for such activities may not be clear at first but considering that CSR activities are used as PR stunts by various business corporations, some business value can be derived from CSR. The contention behind CSR is for large corporations to project a soft image of a corporation that cares for the environment and the society. This allows corporations to achieve better sales and integrate better with the consumers. The inclusion of business interests in CSR activities have the direct consequence of inflated CSR initiatives being used for marketing consorts. Research demonstrates that corporations have an overwhelming tendency to report the positive aspects of their CSR activities alone (Bebbington, Brown, Frame, & Thomson, 2007) (Dey, 2003) (Dey, 2007) (Ruffing, 2007). This te nds to bias the reporting situation since corporations are inclined to report the better parts of their corporate behaviour alone. The need was felt to bring to light information covered up by organisations at various levels (Dey, 2007). Silent and shadow accounting was evolved to deal with such a situation where the corporate behaviour of corporations was double checked through independent research. The silent account lists out the corporation’s projections on its CSR while the shadow account lists out an independent finding on the CSR of the concerned business corporation. The current paper will list out findings of the silent and shadow accounts for Procter and Gamble, which represents a top Fortune 500 business corporation. The silent and shadow account for Procter and Gamble will be used to determine the dynamic validity of the state of CSR in practice by Procter and Gamble. Corporate Social Responsibility Silent Account Shadow Account Sustainability Reporting Style P&G lists that it reports CSR initiatives and their results based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) directives. More specifically, P&G utilises the G3Guidelines for reporting under GRI (P&G, 2012). A number of different CSR initiatives and their results – broadly categorised under Products, Operations and Social Responsibility, are available in the CSR report on the P&G website. The availability of quantitative information such as emissions reductions levels, packaging reusability amounts etc. tend to add more credibility to P&G’s portfolio for CSR. The transparency of P&G’s claims for social responsibility requires that the data compiled by P&G be verified independently. The CSR report uploaded at the P&G website contains a number of different claims with regards to environmental and social impacts of CSR activities but fails to report data for verification. Essentially, P&G’s CSR report is referenced under the GRI and is indexed accordingly but does not declare the level of reporting (Cohen, 2011). In addition, the CSR report provides a cue to the website to evaluate how GRI is implemented (P&G, 2013, p. 2) but the website provides no insight into how data is compiled and evaluated by P&G. No third party audit of the data is available to verify or substantiate the claims accordingly. Product Safety and Innovation One of the three key pillars for P&G’s sustainability framework is its products (P&G, 2012). The contention at P&G’

Plato, The Republic of Plato Essay Example for Free

Plato, The Republic of Plato Essay I thought that Plato’s The Republic was very ambitious in its goals and for the most part, it made a lot of excellent observations about the dynamic of human nature. It is nearly amazing that Plato found things in the ancient times that were not only true in the context of his life, but true for human beings in every period of time. He hit upon the key, core values that each and every person cannot get away from, no matter what their role or place in society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first thing that I found interesting was Plato’s breakdown of society. Though many other parts of his work are transcendent across many different generations, this was one part that only applies to his time frame, or so it would seem. It is fitting that he overplays the role of the warrior in society, since that is what was important during his time. Because of this, his entire dynamic is thrown out of whack in context of how it might be viewed today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He did nail some important points in regards to the human spirit itself, though. By breaking it down into three categories, he made what should have been a difficult idea into one that was very easy to understand. In particular, I found it interesting how Plato addressed money as a motivator. I think that too many authors get caught up in the idea that money is at the root of a lot of actions. Plato, even back then, had it right that money is simply wanted as a means to an end. Most people who seek money do not do so just to have it. Instead, they want it so that they an satisfy the other primal desires that they cannot seem to shake. Plato is also correct that the rational part of a person must be the controlling factor if a person is going to be just. All too often, a person motivated by things or by emotions makes bad decisions and causes pain for others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is interesting to see who Plato praises in his republic and who he puts down. Predictably, he likes to laud the philosophers for their work for the greater good. Plato does not seem to spare any sort of self adulation in this respect. He believes that what he and his fellow philosophers are doing is right. I cannot fault him for this, though. If he did not think it was just, he should stop living his life this way. It was interesting, however, that he chose poets as the one group of people to completely put down in the book. After thinking about it, this is not all that surprising. Poets like to hit on exactly the opposite of what philosophers spend their life championing. They play to the emotional side of people, while the rational side is the most just. In a way, this is a commentary on what Plato finds important in his society. He does not want a bunch of indulgent creatures running around and he does not have any patience for people who go out promoting that type of badness. Instead, he is looking for a republic where people let their rational thoughts guide them to where they need to be. He recognizes emotion as a part of the human dynamic, but does not glorify its position like poets do. That was the most telling part of the entire book.

The Chrysalids, by John Wyndham :: essays research papers

The Chrysalids, by John Wyndham Background: John Wyndham, born in 1903, tried more than four careers before starting to write short stories in 1925. The Chrysalids was written in 1955. Outline of the Book: Thousands of years after our time, the world faced something known as Tribulation, when civilization was almost completely wiped out and had to be started over, with new rules and laws. Humans beings born as â€Å"deviants†, missing an attribute that normal humans would have, is considered a blasphemy towards God. David, a young man whose father is in charge of seeking out deviants in his community, discovered that he, along with a few other young adults, can communicate to one another through their minds and what they call â€Å"thought shapes†. For a long while they’ve hidden their secret talents, but as rules get tighter and tighter they know it’s only a matter of time until they’re discovered. Theme(s): tolerance, religion Criticisms (Unfavourable): Near the end of the book the dialogue becomes more rhetorical than the rest of the book. This isn’t really a problem, but can become slightly confusing at times. The best option would be to read this part slowly and carefully in order to understand what the message is. Criticisms (Favourable): Very original, intelligent plot. Well-written characters that aren’t two dimensional and who make human decisions (David’s father, who may seem like a cruel man but who is really just doing what he was brought up to believe is right). Comparison: â€Å"The House of the Scorpion†, â€Å"The Stepford Wives† (book) These two books also deal with people who are not as â€Å"real† as typical human beings, such as robots or clones Quotations: â€Å"Clearly there must be a mistake somewhere. Surely having one very small toe extra—well, two very small toes, because I supposed there would be one to match on the other foot—surely that couldn’t be enough to make her ‘hateful in the sigh of God†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢?

Romeo and Juliet Dramatic Effects

Analyse the dramatic importance of Act 3 Scene 5. Act 3 scene 5 is of huge dramatic importance as it is pivotal to the plot of the play. Act 3 scene 5 takes place the morning after Romeo and Juliet have spent their first night together following their marriage. In the first part of the scene, they are very happy and also very romantic as Romeo says â€Å"How are you, my love? † This shows that Romeo cares for Juliet and it also shows how much love, Romeo has just been banished from Verona for killing Tybalt and is preparing to leave.This makes Juliet very upset as they haven’t even spent a day together. The nurse comes to warn them that Juliet’s mother is coming to see her to discuss her marriage to Paris. After Romeo has left, Juliet bursts into tears. When Lady Capulet arrives, Juliet cries even more but Lady Capulet thinks she is crying because of her cousin’s death. Lord Capulet explodes with anger when he hears that Juliet disagrees with the marriage. The nurse unexpectedly advises her to marry Paris. The key themes highlighted in this scene are: happiness, love, parental conflict, anger and sadness.In this scene we learn a great deal about the characters of: Romeo, Juliet, Capulet, Lady Capulet and the nurse. In the previous scene Romeo and Juliet get married and the Montagues and the Capulets have a fight which leads to the deaths of Mercutio and Tybalt. Romeo is banished from Verona for murdering Tybalt because Tybalt has murdered Mercutio. Lady Capulet seems to support and comfort her daughter, but when Juliet argues and shouts she simply hands it over to Lord Capulet who will control Juliet. In the time of Shakespeare the men were in charge of the house and the children so the audience would have agreed to the play.Lady Capulet thinks that she can control Juliet, so she informs her of the marriage that has already been arranged. She seems very concerned about Juliet but she cannot control her herself and threatens Juliet â €Å"here comes your father. Tell him so yourself, and see how he will take it at your hands†. She means I will not say anything so see what your father has to say. In the previous scenes she was very quiet and innocent but in this scene she changes from being quiet into a very loud character which reveals her true nature.The Nurse is a very caring character and understands Juliet’s problems but in this scene she disagrees with Juliet as she advises her to marry Paris when she is aware that she has already been married to Romeo. This disheartens Juliet so much as she is the only person who she trusted. The Nurse says â€Å"I think the best thing to do is to marry the count† as if she is speaking to someone she doesn’t know. Juliet relies on her so much that she is shocked when she hears such a thing come out of the Nurse’s mouth. Juliet declares â€Å"from now on I will never tell what I feel in my heart†.She also doesn’t say this stra ight to her face as the Nurse would start avoiding her which would please her parents and lead to Juliet getting into more trouble. The Nurse tries to persuade Juliet of Paris’ superiority and believes â€Å"Romeo’s a dishclout to him†. The image of the dishcloth indicates that Romeo is not worthy of Juliet. This makes Juliet furious because it was originally the Nurse who reported positively about Romeo. In this scene the Nurse is ambivalent because she supports Juliet when Lord Capulet explodes with anger as Juliet refuses to marry Paris.In previous scenes the Nurse is very supportive and thinks of Juliet as her own daughter when she says â€Å"What, lamb! What, ladybird! †, but in this scene she changes from supporting Juliet to letting her down when she asks for her advice. Lord Capulet is a very strong character throughout the play but he does care about Juliet as he claims that he will not do anything against his daughter’s will but in this s cene he orders her to â€Å"go to church on Thursday or never look me in the face again.Don’t say anything. Don’t reply. Don’t talk back to me†. This quote would be very aggressive when said in the play as he is saying it with aggression and anger. Which shows that the old Capulet has gone. In this scene, generally, everyone shows their bad side as it is now getting serious about Juliet’s wedding. In this scene Capulet uses metaphors such as â€Å"when the sun sets, the air drizzles dew. But at the death of my brother’s son, it rains a down pour. What are you, girl? Some kind of fountain? he is comparing the downpour and the amount of tears that Juliet is producing and he is also trying to express that Juliet is not crying for her cousins death but crying for her husband Romeo. He also slams her on the floor while she begs on her knees and as he is not aware that Juliet is already married he repeatedly tells her to marry but the audience kn ows that if she marries she will go to hell as there is a sin if she marries again. This scene would have been very dramatic and sad as the audience would have felt sorry for her.By Capulet doing this creates a feeling of tension and pressure for Juliet as she is begging him. From the audience’s point of view, Juliet is very innocent but Capulet refers to her as a â€Å"disobedient wretch†. This shows the amount he cares he takes for his daughter. If this were to happen in today’s society maybe he would be prosecuted for child abuse. Later in the play Juliet pretends to agree to the marriage but nobody is aware of that. Friar Lawrence gives her a potion that she will have before the night of the wedding so that she will fall into a deep sleep and wake up after 12 hours.Act 3 scene 5 is one of the most dramatic scenes in the play. This scene leads to many misconceptions as the Friar Lawrence was supposed to inform Romeo of the plans but Romeo didn’t get th e message. But he got the news that Juliet had died. Act 3 scene 5 reveals most of the characters’ true natures. This scene is important as this is the scene that leads to the death of Romeo and Juliet and also it reveals the Nurses’ real character as she didn’t really understand the true love of Romeo and Juliet. All of the characters undergo a dramatic change in how they behave in this scene.

Although It Is a Ghost Story, a Christmas Carol Is an Uplifting Tale Essay

Although it is a ghost story, A Christmas Carol is an uplifting tale. To what extent do you agree? A Christmas carol by Charles Dickens is a significant novella written in the Victorian era. The protagonist Ebenezer Scrooge is used to demonstrate the upper class society and their attitude towards the poor. Throughout this redemption story, Dickens combines a descriptions of hardships faced by the poor with a heart-felt sentimental celebration of the Christmas season. The novella contains a dramatic and comic element as well as a deep felt moral theme. The text promotes the values of Ebenezer Scrooge, delving into his past, present and supposed future as well as contrasting between the enriching and depressing story; specifically evaluating the authors message, the Cratchit family, Scrooges nature and alternatively the ghostly circumstances outlined in the parable. Dickens message and the spirits of Christmas is one that intends to inspire and uplift the reader. The author has carefully constructed Ebenezer Scrooge as a â€Å"covetous old sinner† to demonstrate the uplifting meaning of the novella. Although Scrooge is an extreme example of a miser perhaps Dickens is saying there is a little of Scrooge in all of us whether it is an unwillingness to share our money with the poor and disadvantaged or our time with people in need. This idea is represented when two portly gentleman visit Scrooge and he explains, â€Å"I help to support the establishments I have mentioned, they cost enough.† In this instance Dickens strives to promotes the idea that no matter how crooked, anyone can change through the learning of appropriate lessons to inspire the reader. The author manipulates the readers emotions by enriching the sympathy of the Cratchit family. The Cratchit family are the perfect example of the difficulties faced by the poor in Victorian England. As Scrooge is visited by the ghost of Christmas Present, â€Å"a jolly giant, glorious to see,† and the life of the Cratchits and Tiny Tims condition is revealed there is an almost instantaneous transformation in Scrooge. We see this when Scrooge pleads, â€Å"Tell me if Tiny Tim will live†¦ Say he will be spared!† We can see from this that Scrooge shows compassion and that Dickens is aiming to elevate the feelings toward Scrooge and the ghostly story. The author illustrates that Scrooge who is depicted as â€Å"hard and sharp as a flint† is a greedy miser whom is so old and coldhearted that nothing other than his profits will phase him. Dickens uses the scene when the ghost of Christmas past, â€Å"a child-like old man† uses flashbacks to show Scrooge of the memories he once made to show the nature of the much younger character. This is evident when Fan â€Å"a little girl much younger than Scrooge† had brought out the affection of her older brother as they planned â€Å"to be together all the Christmas long, and have the merriest time in all the world.† What is important about this example is not just that it shows the compassion Scrooge once felt but also that Scrooge is not truly crooked and horrible to the core establishing the uplifting and inspiring feeling to readers. The title of the novella, A Christmas Carol, is immediately recognized by the reader as hardly appropriate for the first stave. Stave one does not resemble the happy and cheerful world of Christmas trees and presents, but instead the reader is exposed to, what can only be described as, ‘ghost story’ features. Ghost stories are meant to be scary, typically the ghosts that appear in this genre bring nothing but evil, but in this particular parable the trio of ghosts aim to help Scrooge. This is why the opening sentence â€Å"Marley was dead, to begin with† is particularly strange. Even though it is a ghost story, the ghostly circumstances of the tale help to highlight the uplifting messages and examples in the story. Dickens message to readers, The Cratchit family and Scrooges nature are all vital in the fulfilling and uplifting story of A Christmas Carol. The heart felt theme and comic element are all used well in order to inspire and influence the readers emotions towards each character. Dickens has achieved this using gothic literature and the ghostly features of the story. Overall, the author has used the learning of appropriate lessons to inspire and uplift the reader. Why has the title A Christmas Carol been chosen to represent what seems to be a ghost story?

Akitas essays

Akitas essays The Akita or Akita-inu is the heavy-duty work-dog of Japan. Named for the province of Akita on Honshu Island, this breed was used to hunt bear, boar, and deer and as a protector of life and limb. Inu translates to dog in Japanese. The Akita is the largest of the eight dogs regarded as being indigenous to Japan. The Akita eventually came to be used as cattle herders and seeing eye dogs, sled dogs and as police dogs. They were also used to baby sit children while their mothers worked in the fields. The Akita is very loyal, yet remains independent. This large and powerful dog has a thick short-haired coat and a large, curled bushy tail. They have erect ears. They are faithful and devoted to their family, making an excellent first class guard dog. The Akita can be aggressive towards other canines and should be kept on a tight leash when around strange dogs. This dog should also be supervised with children and other family pets. The Akita is obedient, but sometimes spontaneous. They are careful and very affectionate with their family. They are very intelligent, courageous, and fearless. It is very willful and needs firm training and socialization as a puppy. They are extremely faithful and thrive on companionship. Although it may tolerate and be good with children from its own family, it may bite. Children must be taught to treat them nice. They can be very food-possessive and willful. They are capable of rage, but with firm training can make a good pet. Obedience training requires patience, these dogs get bored quickly. The Akita needs to be with its family. It vocalizes with many interesting sounds, but it is not an excessive barker. The Akitas double coat is thick and warm and is shed twice a year. If your potential Akita is to live in the house, then you must be prepared for the coat loss. Most of the coat loss will only take a few weeks to get out with warm baths and regular raking and brushing of the ...

4 Tips for Completing Your Homework On Time

4 Tips for Completing Your Homework On Time Homework, a necessary evil according to many teachers, has a lot of students tied up in knots. Some students can never seem to get things turned in on time. In fact, many students do not even realize that they  have  homework  until a friend from class texts them or they overhear someone in the halls talking about Ms. So-and-sos terrible, no-good, awful, horrifying worksheet for Chemistry that is due the next day. These five tips for completing your homework on time, however, should help you get that homework finished on time.   Tip 1: Rely On a Planning System Most of you by now are well acquainted with a homework planner. It has the dates, the school subjects you are taking, and a whole lot of blank space to write down your homework assignments. Use these planners if you have them. Writing with an actual pencil or pen may seem almost archaic what with technology virtually doing everything for us, but the kinesthetic movement of writing down an assignment into one of those little squares (Language Arts test tomorrow - STUDY TONIGHT), will actually help solidify that homework in your brain. Plus, when you are packing up to go home at the end of the school day, all you have to do is open up that planner to see which books, folders, and binders need to go home with you so you will not miss out anything that you need to do that evening. Some people  hate  using planners. Theyd rather walk on a pile of crushed glass than actually write something down in a planner. Thats quite all right. One student kept a wadded up piece of paper in his pocket where hed scrawl his assignments. It worked for him, so it was fine. For those of you not keen on planners or crumpled up notes,  your phone can come in really handy. Just download a productivity app and type your assignments in there. Or, keep track of all the work due in the notes section of your phone. Or, snap a picture of the homework board in each teachers class before you head out into the hallway. Or, if you are really dead-set against anything planner-related, then just send yourself a text after each class with your homework assignments for the night. No matter which planning system you prefer, use it. Check off each item once you get it in your backpack. Your brain can only process so much information at a time, so you absolutely must write your homework down if you plan to complete it on time.   Tip 2: Prioritize Your Homework Assignments All assignments are not created equal. Its strongly recommended you use a prioritizing system when you sit down at home with your homework. Try a system a little  something like this: A 1 assignment is of primary importance. Severe negative consequences will occur if this assignment is not completed tonight.Examples: Studying for a major test coming up tomorrow. Finishing a major project due tomorrow. Writing an essay worth a LOT of points that is due tomorrow.  A 2 assignment is important. Some negative consequences will occur if this assignment is not completed tonight.Examples:  Studying for a quiz coming up tomorrow. Completing a homework sheet that is due tomorrow. Reading a chapter that is due tomorrow.  A 3 assignment needs to be finished by the end of the week.  Examples: Studying for a spelling test that will occur on Friday. Writing a blog and posting it on the class board by Friday. Finish a book upon which you will take a quiz on Friday.A 4 assignment is ongoing and needs to be finished by test day or the end of the quarter.  Examples: Reviewing chapters for the midterm exam. Working on an on-going project, research paper, or long assignment due at the end of the quarter. Completing a packet that isnt due for two weeks.   Once youve prioritized the work you have to do, complete all the 1s first, then the 2s, moving down as you go. That way, if you find yourself pressed for time because Great-Grandma decided to stop over for family dinner and your mom insisted you spend the evening playing bridge with her despite the fact that you have hours of homework ahead of you, then you will not have missed anything vitally important to your grade.   Tip 3: Get the Worst Assignment Over With First So, maybe you absolutely hate writing essays (But, why, though when all you have to do is follow these essay tips?) and you have a major essay staring you in the face that  must  be completed before tomorrow. You also have to study for a major math test, complete a social studies blog by Friday, study for the ACT  next month,  and finish up your science worksheet from class. Your 1 assignments would be the essay and the math test. Your 2 assignment is the science worksheet, the 3 assignment is that blog, and the 4 assignment is studying for the ACT.   Ordinarily, you would start with the science worksheet because you  love  science, but that would be a big mistake. Start with those 1 assignments and knock out that essay first. Why? Because you hate it. And completing the worst assignment first gets it off your mind, out of your homework cache, and makes everything that comes after it appears to be really, really easy. It will be an absolute  joy  to complete that science worksheet once you have written the essay. Why rob yourself of joy?   Then, once youve completed the stuff due first, you can focus on putting in a little bit of time on the ACT. Easy peasy. Tip 4: Take Planned Breaks Some people believe that sitting down to complete homework means that you literally park your behind in a chair and you dont move it for the next four thousand hours or so. That is one of the worst study ideas in history. Your brain only has the capacity to stay focused for about 45 minutes (maybe even less for some of you) before it goes on the fritz and starts wanting to make you get up and dance the Roger Rabbit. So, schedule your study time with breaks actually built in. Work for 45 minutes, then take a 10-minute break to do whatever it is people your age like to do. Then, rinse and repeat. It looks a little something like this: Homework Time: 45 minutes: Work on 1 assignments, starting with the absolute worst.10 minutes: Get a snack, play Pokemon Go!, surf Instagram45 minutes: Work on 1 assignments again. You know you didnt finish.10 minutes: Do some jumping jacks, dance the Macarena, polish your nails.45 minutes: Work on 2 assignments and maybe even finish with any 3s and 4s. Put everything in your backpack. Completing your homework on time is a learned skill. It requires some discipline and not everyone is naturally disciplined. So, you have to practice checking that you have everything you need for homework when you are still at school, prioritizing your work, plunging into the assignments you loathe, and taking planned breaks. Isnt your grade worth it? You bet it is.

Describe the international efforts to combat the trafficking of Essay

Describe the international efforts to combat the trafficking of cocaine, heroin and cannabis before evaluating their success using both qualitative and quantitative data - Essay Example According to Boivin (2013), international drug trafficking could be attributed to an interplay of geographic, economic, political and cultural factors. Over 40% of trade in cocaine, heroin and marijuana occurs in peripheral countries, with the 2006/2007 United Kingdom Threat Assessment of Serious Organised Crime indicating that criminals drawn from particular ethnicities, Turkish and Columbian traffickers common in the UK case, are largely involved in trafficking. Interestingly, a majority of countries postulated to benefit from the trade in drugs rarely appear among the top global economies. Drug trafficking, and indeed drug abuse, has been associated with negative socio-economic effects among nations (Lyman 2014). Therefore, drug trafficking has been fought against by the international community for many years now. Cocaine heroin and cannabis are among the most common forms of drugs that international focus has been given to prevent cultivation and distribution. Even with such efforts, drug trafficking still remains a rampant practice in a majority of countries across the world. Whereas governments have institutionalised programmes aimed at dismantling the illicit trade, no meaningful reduction in the trade has been experienced. Thus, this paper evaluates some of these efforts to determine their effectiveness. Nations around the world have adopted critical strategies to combat international trafficking of drugs. According to the Maxwell Knowledge Group (2007), four pillars have been adopted in a majority of these cases. As borrowed from the UK Drug Strategy, these pillars encompass prevention of young people from being drug users, reduction of crimes related to drugs, increasing the number of those who could access drugs and reduction of supply of illicit drugs. Combined together, these four efforts seek to eliminate drug trafficking across

The major factors of business expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The major factors of business expansion - Essay Example Total float for the entire project is the sum of all floats of the activities. . Critical path. (American Society for Quality, 2008). Critical path = path A-B-D-E-G-H-L-M-N-O-Q-R Project Time Project time equals adding the durations for the activities in the critical path. = 4 + 6 + 2 + 2 + 6 + 12 + 4 + 4 + 2 + 6 + 1 = 49 days. If the project begins on July 6, 2009, Activity A would take 4 days to end on July 9 2009, activity B starts on 10 July up to July 17 2009, activity D starts on July20 2009 and ends on July 21 2009. Activity E would start on July 22 2009 and end on July 23 2009 while on July 24 2009, activity G runs up to July 31 2009. This would pave the way for activity H that would begin on August 3 2009 and run up to August 18 2009. Activity L starts on August 19 2009 and take 4 days up to August 24 2009. Activity M starts on August 25 2009 up to August 28 2009 and activity N goes on till September 1. Activity O starts on September 2 2009, till September 9 2009 and activity Q ends on September 10 2009. Activity R ends on September 11 2009. A 1 day delay on activity J would not affect the duration of the whole project since activity L can wait for 12 days for activity H to end. Completing activity O one day before schedule would reduce project days by one day. Activity C can not affect the duration for he whole project. A network diagram is a logical approach of representing several activities which indicate the flow or sequence of a certain project. It is used to indicate the path of the project and all its activities and the starting and finishing time for every activity. It also shows the names and events for every operation Case 2: Feasibility Report for...Activity O starts on September 2 2009, till September 9 2009 and activity Q ends on September 10 2009. Activity R ends on September 11 2009. A 1 day delay on activity J would not affect the duration of the whole project since activity L can wait for 12 days for activity H to end. Completing activity O one day before schedule would reduce project days by one day. Activity C can not affect the duration for he whole project. A network diagram is a logical approach of representing several activities which indicate the flow or sequence of a certain project. It is used to indicate the path of the project and all its activities and the starting and finishing time for every activity. It also shows the names and events for every operation I examined the feasibility of establishing a new base for William CO. Ltd for expanding its current base that has a medium sized head office of about 2,600 square meters and employs nine administration staff members in addition to the operational workers who total to 48 in number. The company is an SME company which is involved in supply of mechanical services including heating, air conditioning, ventilation systems and plants.

Week 6 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 6 - Coursework Example Therefore, most businesses have to accept the existing preordained competition, by developing some unique measures of overcoming it. Organizations have to react by increasing the competition through cutting the price of their products, refining the quality of their products to fit clients preferences, use of new technology to overwhelm the rapid changes in quality and quality in productions. HTC is one of the enterprises that realize competition is growing everyday. The corporation, as a result, decided not to underrate the potential competition coming from different parts of the world. For that reason, HTC strived to provide unique and distinguished quality products through enhancing a creative and innovative environment. The corporation has successful fashioned a tranquil environment that is auspicious in endorsing creativity of it is employees through initiating the â€Å"magic labs† (Robbins, & Coulter, 2010). The personnel are encouraged to work on their own ideas which enable their imagination to turn into innovation. The corporation also has promoted creativity and innovation by studying the change of clients’ preferences. There is a resilient connection between workers happiness and creativity in the workplace. The level of creativity improves when employees are happier. Happy employees are optimistic and work in solidarity, thus strengthening crea tivity through sharing of knowledge; hence promoting inventiveness. Employees’ happiness is of prodigious significant in the workplace as it emboldens staff to be more productivity and high job performance. Happiness among employees remains imperative for they are 25% more effective and well-organized than the unhappy staff thus happy staff endorses high job performance and great productive. Happy workers are also 47% industrious than unhappy staff, as happy staff work in team-spirit and in a more optimistic way thus creating a favorable avenue for sharing concepts

Effects of Advertisements on Children

Effects of Advertisements on Children An advertisement makes a consumer aware of available products which can then be used to influence a consumer’s buying behaviour through persuasion using creative content. Advertising to children is often categorised, with food and toys being the products mainly aimed towards them. However, this category is further developing to encompass music, games and technology. Advertising towards children is a large demographic for the marketer, due to them encompassing three different marketing opportunities, they are consumers, influencers on their parent’s buying behaviour and the future. McNeal (1987) suggested that the â€Å"future consumer† provides a larger marketing potential than the current consumer. Due to the marketer being able to create future brand loyal consumers, create brand knowledge and develop purchase behaviour. The marketer seeks to target children through advertising strategies such as the internet. Also advergaming, where a game involves an advertisement for a product. Due to the internet being an integral part of young culture, the marketer attempts to build a relationship between them and the consumer. This is completed through viral advertisements and behavioural targeting. Unlike television, the internet is unregulated and often children are left alone on the internet with no parental supervision. However, the easiest way to advertise to children is through television. Broadcasters Audience Research Board (2011) found that children aged four to nine watched on average seventeen hours of television a week. Furthermore, Smith (2001) found that in the UK two-thirds of children have a television in their bedroom as well as their tablets and mobile phones with online catch up television. One main concern around advertising towards children is whether it exploits them due to the advertisements aim to persuade the vulnerable. This exploitation can be referred to as the â€Å"seducers† upon the â€Å"innocents† as stated by Gunter, Oates and Blades (2005). Young children are unaware about the intent of advertisements as reported by Oates et al. (2003). The knowledge and understanding of advertising develops gradually and children are simply born with no knowledge and understanding â€Å"ready to be evolved and manipulated† as stated by Furnham (2000). Therefore, it is important to establish the different ages at which children achieve a mature understanding of advertisements in order to â€Å"protect† them. In order for children to be able to understand and evaluate advertising Young (1990) stated they must have two processing skills. First the ability to recognise persuasive intent and secondly be able to recognise the difference between an advertisement and a programme. Piaget and Cook (1952) found that a children’s stage in cognition determines their ability to comprehend advertising. They identified four stages of development, sensorimotor (birth to two years), pre-operational (two to seven years), concrete operational (seven to eleven years) and formal operational (eleven to adulthood), with each stage characterised by certain cognitive abilities. Distinguishing an advertisement from a programme is viewed as a vital first stage in understanding advertising as recognised by Gunter and Furnham (1998). It was suggested by Blatt, Spencer and Ward (1972) that children in the preoperational stage are able to distinguish advertisements from programs. They reported that children view advertisements as informative, truthful and entertaining and are not aware of the persuasive intent of advertising. Furthermore, Levin, Petros, and Petrella (1982) found that children as young as three years were able to make this distinction. Which was further supported by Blosser and Roberts (1985) found that by the age of five the majority of children have developed the ability to differentiate between advertisements and programmes. In contrast children in the concrete operational stage have been found to have developed a better understanding as they grow older and are less likely to believe the advertisements. Dorr (1986) found that it is between seven and nine years old that children begin to understand that advertisements are â€Å"trying to get people to buy something†. Smith (2001) found that as children begin to understand persuasive intent they also begin to appreciate the use of several techniques such as celebrity endorsement, choice of words, and tone of voice. Once children have reached ten years old they have developed enough understanding to appreciate the persuasive intent of advertisements as found by Bever et al. (1975). When children can understand the persuasive purpose of the advertisement, they are able to be critical and capable of resisting to change. Although, until children have developed this understanding and the adequate cognitive â€Å"defences† advertisements have a str ong influence on a development and thoughts. Nevertheless, due to children being a large demographic, the marketer takes advantage of their lack of understanding. They do this by designing marketing strategies to satisfy the needs of the children. These are then applied to their advertisements in order to target children effectively. Firstly, â€Å"pester power† meaning children harass their care givers to purchase products for them based on advertising they have seen as stated by Proctor and Richards (2002). The marketer is aware that their advertising produces desires for different products and this has been found to lead to â€Å"pester power† within children. Parker (2001) found that parents in the UK spend more when shopping in supermarkets with their children than without. Pester power can be used over long periods of time with children forming requests and demands in advance for their birthday and Christmas. Crouch (1999) found that children had often instigated their Christmas list before October. This pes tering has been found to lead to family arguments when parents are unable to afford the products or deem them as unsuitable as stated by Atkin (1978). It was reported by Adler et al (1980) that if a parent states that a toy is not appropriate, children with less viewing of advertisements were more likely to listen to their parent than children who had seen the advertisements. This is due to the advertisement enhancing the toy and persuading them it is a necessity. Secondly, techniques such as exaggeration are used by the marketer to further persuade the consumer and enhance their products. Claims such as â€Å"the best† and â€Å"better than† can be subjective and misleading. Bandyopadhyay, Kindra and Sharp (2001) stated that children are unable to recognise such techniques and effectively â€Å"fall† for the misleading information. Below the age of seven, children are more heavily affected by product factors and do not understand that appearances can differ from reality. Young children often believe that a product is exactly as it appears and will fail to realise that the advertisement was created to promote it in the best possible way. However, as Smith (2001) found children from the age of seven start to understand techniques therefore the use of such techniques have to be adapted to different age groups. Martensen and Hansen (2001) reported that children from the age of eight stated advertisements â€Å"cheat† i n that â€Å"things look better in the advertisement than in real life†. This inaccurate image of the product can lead to a negative attitude towards the advertisement and the product. Rossiter (1977) stated that children’s attitude in general towards advertising is negative stating â€Å"advertisements are annoying and they only state the good things and lie about the rest†. What they had seen as truthful and accurate when they were younger is now portrayed to be lying and deceptive. This attitude could further develop their image of the world. They may feel that, what and who they deem as truthful, could be lying and being deceitful making them feel untrustworthy towards others. Additionally, the marketer develops brand awareness and use brand positioning towards children in order to develop future brand loyalty. This is often by using characters from programmes or celebrities to produce a favourable attitude and develop relationships. Brand awareness has been defined by Keller (2003) as the extent to which a consumer can recognise and is familiar with an image of a brand and the qualities associated with it. Anderson and Bower (1974) state that brand awareness can be split into two steps. First step is the cognitive process to enable brand recognition and secondly brand recall, a consumer can recall and describe the brand. Both brand recognition and recall are important when making purchase decisions. Research by Haynes et al (1993) showed that children as young as three can recognise and name brands before they can read and Schmidt (2003) found children as young as six months old can develop mental images of a logo. Furthermore, Hite and Hite (1995) showed that children from the age of two are able to recognise branded products and would choose these over other unbranded alternatives. Children will favour certain brands and products due to the relationship they have formed as children, creating nostalgia, as found by Ji (2002). Knowing this the marketer use their advertising to develop a foundation when children are in their early stages of learning and development. Product advertising emphasises branded products and places importance on purchasing not just a product, but a lifestyle that this product portrays, as stated by Hahlo (1999). If these products are unable to be purchased feelings of discontent and inadequacy develop. Branded advertising promotes undesirable social values, such as materialism. In addition, children are often taught to celebrate events such as Christmas in a commercial manner. Pine and Nash (2002) found that children who watched television asked for more branded presents on their Christmas list. The pressure to buy a particular brand leads to a conformity and can often pressure parents and make them feel guilty. Furthermore, advertising has been criticised for causing health problems within children such as obesity as stated by Dalmeny et al. (2003). A large proportion of advertising aimed at children promote food or drinks. Lewis and Hill (1998) reported almost a third, of advertisements shown to children are based on unhealthy food such as sweets. Galst and White (1976) found a correlation between the recall of food advertisements, requests when shopping and what children eat. Halford et al. (2004) stated that the majority of television advertising is directed towards children eating surgery foods such as sweets and fizzy drinks. Overall, if children are unable to fully understand the intent of advertising they may need â€Å"protecting† from it and the techniques used. Individuals who are against advertising towards children claim that it is unethical. This is due to their lack of cognitive abilities and understanding to resist the advertising messages before the age of seven. It is said to be unethical to advertise to these children under seven until they have developed â€Å"cognitive defences†. In addition, children below the age of seven are unable to distinguish between advertising fantasy and reality in advertisements. Therefore this can distort their view on the world. The internet alone raises many ethical issue. Various internet pages are designed so children are able to avoid adult supervision and then the underage consumer is able to be pressured to purchase products. Furthermore, ethical issues arise in terms of the promotional content such as humour and violence when advertising ga mes. What one consumer might find interesting, fun and funny may be offensive to others and be seen as unethical. However, Furnham (2000) believe that advertising has little effect upon children’s development and learning and that current regulations are sufficient. Proctor and Richards (2002) state that peer pressure, conformity and social factors are more effective and persuasive in creating the desires of a particular product than advertisements. To reduce the effects of advertising and the ethical issues this develops, children should be educated to help them understand the aim of advertising. Furnham (2000) argued teaching children the aim of advertising was more effective than changing regulations that are in place. Children can be taught and further informed about the nature of advertising and discuss products with their parents and other family members. Teaching children can enable them to be an effective consumer at a young age. In addition, parents can help them to understand advertisements motives and the difference between fantasy and reality, thus neutralising some of the powerful messages their children are exposed to. However, relying on parents is limited due to children having their own televisions, tablets and phones. With children having their own technology parents are unable to sit with them, monitor and discuss advertisements. Though, parents are still able to teach and explain advertising intent during sho pping trips or when they request products. However, this is based on the assumption that parents understand the advertising themselves and have the knowledge to teach their children. Overall, it is unrealistic to expect marketing companies to stop their advertising to children due to their consumption power. However, they should do so ethically and be aware of their responsibility as a communicator to children. As several researchers have shown children do not begin to develop understanding until they are seven and therefore advertising should not be shown to children before this age. Although, parents have a duty to protect the vulnerable children and therefore teach their children about advertising intent.